Prime Minister of Myanmar
State Peace and Development Council
Chairman: Than Shwe
Prime Minister
Thein Sein
Political parties
Communist Party of Burma
Democratic Party for a
New Society
National Council of the
Union of Burma
National League for Democracy
National Unity Party
Shan Nationalities League
for Democracy
Zomi National Congress
Elections: 1990
Human rights
Opposition
National Coalition
Government
National League
for Democracy
Aung San Suu Kyi
Shan Nationalities League
for Democracy
2007 anti-government protests
States and Divisions
Foreign relations
Naming issues
The Prime Minister of Myanmar is a high-ranking official in the government of Myanmar. The actual power that the position confers differs considerably based on who holds the office. The power struggle between the chief of state Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council, Senior General Than Shwe, and his Prime Minister Khin Nyunt ended with the Prime Minister losing his job and being arrested. Than Shwe is indisputably more powerful in his current position.
The term Prime Minister was adopted in 1948. Ten people have held the office since that point (with two of them doing so on multiple occasions). Due to the country's long period of military rule, it has not been uncommon for the Prime Minister to be a serving (or recently retired) military officer.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 U Nu, 1st time 4 January 1948 12 June 1956 Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
2 Ba Swe 12 June 1956 1 March 1957 Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
U Nu, 2nd time 1 March 1957 29 October 1958 Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
3 Ne Win, 1st time 29 October 1958 4 April 1960 Military
U Nu, 3rd time 4 April 1960 2 March 1962 Union Party
Ne Win, 2nd time 2 March 1962 4 March 1974 Military / Party of the Socialist Program of Burma
4 Sein Lwin 4 March 1974 29 March 1977 Military / Party of the Socialist Program of Burma
5 Maung Maung Kha 29 March 1977 26 July 1988 Military / Party of the Socialist Program of Burma
6 Tun Tin 26 July 1988 18 September 1988 Military / Party of the Socialist Program of Burma
7 Saw Maung 21 September 1988 23 April 1992 Military
8 Than Shwe 24 April 1992 25 August 2003 Military
9 Khin Nyunt 25 August 2003 18 October 2004 Military
10 Soe Win 19 October 2004 April[1] 2007
12 October 2007 Military
11 Thein Sein April 2007
24 October 2007[2] Incumbent Military
Wikipedia
Showing posts with label M. Show all posts
Showing posts with label M. Show all posts
Monday, October 29, 2007
Heads of government of Mozambique
Heads of government of Mozambique
Affiliations:-
FRELIMO = Frente da Libertação de Moçambique (Liberation Front of Mozambique, authoritarian/socialist, renounces Marxist-Leninism 30 Jul 1989)
RENAMO = Resistencia Nacional Moçambicana (Mozambican National Resistance)
Term Incumbent Affiliation Notes
20 September 1974 to 25 June 1975 Joaquim Alberto Chissano, Prime Minister FRELIMO
17 July 1986 to 16 December 1994 Mário Fernandes da Graça Machungo, Prime Minister FRELIMO
16 December 1994 to 17 February 2004 Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister FRELIMO
17 February 2004 to present Luísa Dias Diogo, Prime Minister FRELIMO
Wikipedia
Affiliations:-
FRELIMO = Frente da Libertação de Moçambique (Liberation Front of Mozambique, authoritarian/socialist, renounces Marxist-Leninism 30 Jul 1989)
RENAMO = Resistencia Nacional Moçambicana (Mozambican National Resistance)
Term Incumbent Affiliation Notes
20 September 1974 to 25 June 1975 Joaquim Alberto Chissano, Prime Minister FRELIMO
17 July 1986 to 16 December 1994 Mário Fernandes da Graça Machungo, Prime Minister FRELIMO
16 December 1994 to 17 February 2004 Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister FRELIMO
17 February 2004 to present Luísa Dias Diogo, Prime Minister FRELIMO
Wikipedia
List of Heads of State of Mozambique
List of Heads of State of Mozambique
The official residence is the Palácio da Ponta Vermelha.
Affiliations
FRELIMO = Frente de Libertação de Moçambique (Liberation Front of Mozambique, authoritarian/socialist, renounces Marxist-Leninism 30 Jul 1989)
RENAMO = Resistencia Nacional Moçambicana (Mozambican National Resistance)
Term Incumbent Affiliation
25 June 1975 to 19 October 1986 Samora Moisés Machel FRELIMO
19 October 1986 to 6 November 1986 Political Bureau of the Central Committee of FRELIMO, acting Heads of State
Marcelino dos Santos FRELIMO
Joaquim Chissano FRELIMO
Alberto Joaquim Chipande FRELIMO
Armando Guebuza FRELIMO
Jorge Rebelo FRELIMO
Mariano de Araújo Matsinhe FRELIMO
Sebastião Marcos Mabote FRELIMO
Jacinto Soares Veloso FRELIMO
Mário da Graça Machungo FRELIMO
José Óscar Monteiro FRELIMO
6 November 1986 to 2 February 2005 Joaquim Chissano FRELIMO
2 February 2005 to present Armando Guebuza FRELIMO
Wikipedia
The official residence is the Palácio da Ponta Vermelha.
Affiliations
FRELIMO = Frente de Libertação de Moçambique (Liberation Front of Mozambique, authoritarian/socialist, renounces Marxist-Leninism 30 Jul 1989)
RENAMO = Resistencia Nacional Moçambicana (Mozambican National Resistance)
Term Incumbent Affiliation
25 June 1975 to 19 October 1986 Samora Moisés Machel FRELIMO
19 October 1986 to 6 November 1986 Political Bureau of the Central Committee of FRELIMO, acting Heads of State
Marcelino dos Santos FRELIMO
Joaquim Chissano FRELIMO
Alberto Joaquim Chipande FRELIMO
Armando Guebuza FRELIMO
Jorge Rebelo FRELIMO
Mariano de Araújo Matsinhe FRELIMO
Sebastião Marcos Mabote FRELIMO
Jacinto Soares Veloso FRELIMO
Mário da Graça Machungo FRELIMO
José Óscar Monteiro FRELIMO
6 November 1986 to 2 February 2005 Joaquim Chissano FRELIMO
2 February 2005 to present Armando Guebuza FRELIMO
Wikipedia
Prime Minister of Mongolia
Prime Minister of Mongolia
The Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.
The office of Prime Minister was established in 1912, shortly after Mongolia first declared independence from China. This was not recognised by many nations. By the time of Mongolia's second (and more generally recognised) declaration of independence in 1921, the office was controlled by a communist group known as the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. Shortly after this, the party established the Mongolian People's Republic, and the Prime Minister's post was superseded by one known by the title "Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars". This was changed to "Chairman of the Council of Ministers" in 1946. The title of Prime Minister was only revived in 1990, when the People's Revolutionary Party gradually released its hold on power. Regardless of the changes of name, however, the modern Mongolian government recognises the office as having existed continuously since 1912, and counts all holders of the office as Prime Ministers.
There is some confusion as to the first holder of the office. A lama named Tseren (or Tserenchimed) held office as "Prime Minister" during a provisional government, and is sometimes cited as the first holder of the modern office. However, the current Mongolian government considers Sain Noyon Khan Shirindambiin Namnansuren, the first formal office-holder, to be the first. There is also some confusion over the status of Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav - some consider him to have only been acting Prime Minister, while some consider him to have been a full Prime Minister. The Mongolian government takes the latter view.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 Sain Noyon Khan Shirindambyn Namnansuren November 1912 April 1919 None
2 Khatanbaatar Sandagdorjiin Magsarjav 15 February 1921 March 1921 None
3 Dambyn Chagdarjav 13 March 1921 16 April 1921 People's Revolutionary Party
4 Dogsomyn Bodoo 16 April 1921 7 January 1922 People's Revolutionary Party
5 Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar 3 March 1922 23 June 1923 People's Revolutionary Party
6 Balingiin Tserendorj 28 September 1923 13 February 1928 People's Revolutionary Party
7 Anandyn Amar, 1st time 21 February 1928 27 April 1930 People's Revolutionary Party
8 Tsengeltiin Jigjidav 27 April 1930 2 July 1932 People's Revolutionary Party
9 Peljidiin Genden 2 July 1932 2 March 1936 People's Revolutionary Party
10 Anandyn Amar, 2nd time 22 March 1936 7 March 1939 People's Revolutionary Party
11 Khorloogiin Choibalsan 24 March 1939 26 January 1952 People's Revolutionary Party
12 Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal 26 January 1952 11 June 1974 People's Revolutionary Party
13 Jambyn Batmönkh 11 June 1974 12 December 1984 People's Revolutionary Party
14 Dumaagiin Sodnom 12 December 1984 21 March 1990 People's Revolutionary Party
15 Sharavyn Gungaadorj 21 March 1990 11 September 1990 People's Revolutionary Party
16 Dashiin Byambasüren 11 September 1990 21 July 1992 People's Revolutionary Party
17 Puntsagiin Jasrai 21 July 1992 19 July 1996 People's Revolutionary Party
18 Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan 19 July 1996 23 April 1998 Democratic Party
19 Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, 1st time 23 April 1998 9 December 1998 Democratic Party
20 Janlavyn Narantsatsralt 9 December 1998 22 July 1999 Democratic Party
Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa (acting) 22 July 1999 30 July 1999 Democratic Party
21 Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal 30 July 1999 26 July 2000 Democratic Party
22 Nambaryn Enkhbayar 26 July 2000 August 20, 2004 People's Revolutionary Party
23 Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, 2nd time August 20, 2004 13 January 2006 Democratic Party
24 Miyeegombyn Enkhbold 25 January 2006 (Present) People's Revolutionary Party
Leaders of the Communist Party of Mongolia, 1932-1990
(These leaders held the real executive power in the Mongolian People's Republic.)
Peljidiin Genden: July 2, 1932 - March 2, 1936
Khorloogiin Choibalsan: March 2, 1936 - January 26, 1952
Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal: January 26, 1952 - August 24, 1984
Jambyn Batmönkh: August 24, 1984 - March 21, 1990
Wikipedia
The Prime Minister of Mongolia is the highest member of the Mongolian government's executive arm, and heads the Mongolian cabinet. The Prime Minister is appointed by Parliament, and can be removed by a vote of no confidence.
The office of Prime Minister was established in 1912, shortly after Mongolia first declared independence from China. This was not recognised by many nations. By the time of Mongolia's second (and more generally recognised) declaration of independence in 1921, the office was controlled by a communist group known as the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party. Shortly after this, the party established the Mongolian People's Republic, and the Prime Minister's post was superseded by one known by the title "Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars". This was changed to "Chairman of the Council of Ministers" in 1946. The title of Prime Minister was only revived in 1990, when the People's Revolutionary Party gradually released its hold on power. Regardless of the changes of name, however, the modern Mongolian government recognises the office as having existed continuously since 1912, and counts all holders of the office as Prime Ministers.
There is some confusion as to the first holder of the office. A lama named Tseren (or Tserenchimed) held office as "Prime Minister" during a provisional government, and is sometimes cited as the first holder of the modern office. However, the current Mongolian government considers Sain Noyon Khan Shirindambiin Namnansuren, the first formal office-holder, to be the first. There is also some confusion over the status of Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav - some consider him to have only been acting Prime Minister, while some consider him to have been a full Prime Minister. The Mongolian government takes the latter view.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 Sain Noyon Khan Shirindambyn Namnansuren November 1912 April 1919 None
2 Khatanbaatar Sandagdorjiin Magsarjav 15 February 1921 March 1921 None
3 Dambyn Chagdarjav 13 March 1921 16 April 1921 People's Revolutionary Party
4 Dogsomyn Bodoo 16 April 1921 7 January 1922 People's Revolutionary Party
5 Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar 3 March 1922 23 June 1923 People's Revolutionary Party
6 Balingiin Tserendorj 28 September 1923 13 February 1928 People's Revolutionary Party
7 Anandyn Amar, 1st time 21 February 1928 27 April 1930 People's Revolutionary Party
8 Tsengeltiin Jigjidav 27 April 1930 2 July 1932 People's Revolutionary Party
9 Peljidiin Genden 2 July 1932 2 March 1936 People's Revolutionary Party
10 Anandyn Amar, 2nd time 22 March 1936 7 March 1939 People's Revolutionary Party
11 Khorloogiin Choibalsan 24 March 1939 26 January 1952 People's Revolutionary Party
12 Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal 26 January 1952 11 June 1974 People's Revolutionary Party
13 Jambyn Batmönkh 11 June 1974 12 December 1984 People's Revolutionary Party
14 Dumaagiin Sodnom 12 December 1984 21 March 1990 People's Revolutionary Party
15 Sharavyn Gungaadorj 21 March 1990 11 September 1990 People's Revolutionary Party
16 Dashiin Byambasüren 11 September 1990 21 July 1992 People's Revolutionary Party
17 Puntsagiin Jasrai 21 July 1992 19 July 1996 People's Revolutionary Party
18 Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan 19 July 1996 23 April 1998 Democratic Party
19 Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, 1st time 23 April 1998 9 December 1998 Democratic Party
20 Janlavyn Narantsatsralt 9 December 1998 22 July 1999 Democratic Party
Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa (acting) 22 July 1999 30 July 1999 Democratic Party
21 Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal 30 July 1999 26 July 2000 Democratic Party
22 Nambaryn Enkhbayar 26 July 2000 August 20, 2004 People's Revolutionary Party
23 Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, 2nd time August 20, 2004 13 January 2006 Democratic Party
24 Miyeegombyn Enkhbold 25 January 2006 (Present) People's Revolutionary Party
Leaders of the Communist Party of Mongolia, 1932-1990
(These leaders held the real executive power in the Mongolian People's Republic.)
Peljidiin Genden: July 2, 1932 - March 2, 1936
Khorloogiin Choibalsan: March 2, 1936 - January 26, 1952
Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal: January 26, 1952 - August 24, 1984
Jambyn Batmönkh: August 24, 1984 - March 21, 1990
Wikipedia
President of Mongolia
President of Mongolia
Politics Portal
The President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia, a parliamentary country where the presidency has a symbolic role.
The main powers of the president include:
Nominating a candidate for the office of Prime Minister, who is then approved or rejected by the State Great Khural (parliament). This is largely a ceremonial responsibility, as the Hural will most likely reject any nominee who is not its own choice — in effect, the Prime Minister is appointed by the Hural.
Vetoing the Hural's legislation (can be overridden with a two-thirds majority)
Approving judicial appointments
Chairing the national security council
Acting as commander in chief of the armed forces
The president is elected directly by the Mongolian public for a four year term, with a limit of two terms. Candidates must be nominated by one of the parties represented in the State Great Hural. Before inauguration, however, the President-elect has to renounce the membership of any political party.
History
There is debate about who should be considered the first President of Mongolia. The title does not actually date back to before Mongolia's democratisation, but the office itself is seen as extending through Mongolia's period of communist rule. Sometimes, the Bogd Khan (seen as the reincarnations of senior lama) are seen as Mongolia's first "presidents", but more commonly, the title is given to the secular leaders who followed them. Balingiin Tserendorj, who was acting head of state in 1924, is sometimes seen as the first president, but it was not until Navaandorjiin Jadambaa was appointed Chairman of the State Great Hural in November that there was an official leader. Only a day later, the leadership role was reorganised as the Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (the Little Hural being the executive committee of the Great Hural). Later, the Little Hural was abolished, and its powers were returned to the Great Hural — as such, the title of the president became Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Hural. This was shortly afterwards changed to Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural, following a change in nomenclature. Finally, in 1990, the title President of Mongolia was adopted.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 Navaandorjiin Jadambaa 28 November 1924 29 November 1924 People's Revolutionary Party
2 Peljidiin Genden 29 November 1924 15 November 1927 People's Revolutionary Party
3 Jamtsangiin Damdinsüren 16 November 1927 23 January 1929 People's Revolutionary Party
4 Khorloogiin Choibalsan 24 January 1929 27 April 1930 People's Revolutionary Party
5 Losolyn Laagan 27 April 1930 2 July 1932 People's Revolutionary Party
6 Anandyn Amar 2 July 1932 22 March 1936 People's Revolutionary Party
7 Dansrabilegiin Dogsom 22 March 1936 9 July 1939 People's Revolutionary Party
(vacant) 9 July 1939 6 July 1940
8 Gonchigiin Bumtsend 6 July 1940 23 September 1953 People's Revolutionary Party
Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa (acting) 23 September 1953 7 July 1954 People's Revolutionary Party
9 Jamtsarangiin Sambuu 7 July 1954 20 May 1972 People's Revolutionary Party
Tsagaanlamyn Dügersüren (acting) 20 May 1972 29 June 1972 People's Revolutionary Party
Sonomyn Luvsan (acting) 29 June 1972 11 June 1974 People's Revolutionary Party
10 Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal 11 June 1974 23 August 1984 People's Revolutionary Party
Nyamyn Jagvaral (acting) 23 August 1984 12 December 1984 People's Revolutionary Party
11 Jambyn Batmönkh 12 December 1984 21 March 1990 People's Revolutionary Party
12 Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat 21 March 1990 20 June 1997 People's Revolutionary Party
13 Natsagiin Bagabandi 20 June 1997 24 June 2005 People's Revolutionary Party
14 Nambaryn Enkhbayar 24 June 2005 (present) People's Revolutionary Party
Wikipedia
Politics Portal
The President of Mongolia is the head of state of Mongolia, a parliamentary country where the presidency has a symbolic role.
The main powers of the president include:
Nominating a candidate for the office of Prime Minister, who is then approved or rejected by the State Great Khural (parliament). This is largely a ceremonial responsibility, as the Hural will most likely reject any nominee who is not its own choice — in effect, the Prime Minister is appointed by the Hural.
Vetoing the Hural's legislation (can be overridden with a two-thirds majority)
Approving judicial appointments
Chairing the national security council
Acting as commander in chief of the armed forces
The president is elected directly by the Mongolian public for a four year term, with a limit of two terms. Candidates must be nominated by one of the parties represented in the State Great Hural. Before inauguration, however, the President-elect has to renounce the membership of any political party.
History
There is debate about who should be considered the first President of Mongolia. The title does not actually date back to before Mongolia's democratisation, but the office itself is seen as extending through Mongolia's period of communist rule. Sometimes, the Bogd Khan (seen as the reincarnations of senior lama) are seen as Mongolia's first "presidents", but more commonly, the title is given to the secular leaders who followed them. Balingiin Tserendorj, who was acting head of state in 1924, is sometimes seen as the first president, but it was not until Navaandorjiin Jadambaa was appointed Chairman of the State Great Hural in November that there was an official leader. Only a day later, the leadership role was reorganised as the Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (the Little Hural being the executive committee of the Great Hural). Later, the Little Hural was abolished, and its powers were returned to the Great Hural — as such, the title of the president became Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Hural. This was shortly afterwards changed to Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural, following a change in nomenclature. Finally, in 1990, the title President of Mongolia was adopted.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 Navaandorjiin Jadambaa 28 November 1924 29 November 1924 People's Revolutionary Party
2 Peljidiin Genden 29 November 1924 15 November 1927 People's Revolutionary Party
3 Jamtsangiin Damdinsüren 16 November 1927 23 January 1929 People's Revolutionary Party
4 Khorloogiin Choibalsan 24 January 1929 27 April 1930 People's Revolutionary Party
5 Losolyn Laagan 27 April 1930 2 July 1932 People's Revolutionary Party
6 Anandyn Amar 2 July 1932 22 March 1936 People's Revolutionary Party
7 Dansrabilegiin Dogsom 22 March 1936 9 July 1939 People's Revolutionary Party
(vacant) 9 July 1939 6 July 1940
8 Gonchigiin Bumtsend 6 July 1940 23 September 1953 People's Revolutionary Party
Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa (acting) 23 September 1953 7 July 1954 People's Revolutionary Party
9 Jamtsarangiin Sambuu 7 July 1954 20 May 1972 People's Revolutionary Party
Tsagaanlamyn Dügersüren (acting) 20 May 1972 29 June 1972 People's Revolutionary Party
Sonomyn Luvsan (acting) 29 June 1972 11 June 1974 People's Revolutionary Party
10 Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal 11 June 1974 23 August 1984 People's Revolutionary Party
Nyamyn Jagvaral (acting) 23 August 1984 12 December 1984 People's Revolutionary Party
11 Jambyn Batmönkh 12 December 1984 21 March 1990 People's Revolutionary Party
12 Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat 21 March 1990 20 June 1997 People's Revolutionary Party
13 Natsagiin Bagabandi 20 June 1997 24 June 2005 People's Revolutionary Party
14 Nambaryn Enkhbayar 24 June 2005 (present) People's Revolutionary Party
Wikipedia
Leaders of Moldova
Leaders of Moldova since 1940
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940-1991)
First Secretaries of the Moldavian Communist Party
Pyotr Grigoryevich Borodin (2 August 1940 - 11 February 1942) (in exile in Russian SFSR from 1941)
Nikita Leontyevich Salogor (13 February 1942 - 5 January 1946) (in exile in Russian SFSR until 1944) (acting)
Nikolay Grigoryevich Koval (5 January 1946 - July 1950)
Leonid Ilich Brezhnev (26 July 1950 - 25 October 1952)
Dmitry Spiridonovich Gladky (25 October 1952 - 8 February 1954)
Zinovy Timofeyevich Serdyuk (8 February 1954 - 29 May 1961)
Ivan Ivanovich Bodyul (29 May 1961 - 22 December 1980)
Semyon Kuzmich Grossu (22 December 1980 - 16 December 1989)
Petru Chiril Lucinschki (16 November 1989 - 5 February 1991)
Grigory Isidorovich Yeremy (5 February - August 1991)
Republic of Moldova (1991-Present)
Presidents
Mircea Ion Snegur (3 September 1990 - 15 January 1997)
Petru Chiril Lucinschki (15 January 1997 - 7 April 2001)
Vladimir Voronin (7 April 2001 - Present)
Wikipedia
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940-1991)
First Secretaries of the Moldavian Communist Party
Pyotr Grigoryevich Borodin (2 August 1940 - 11 February 1942) (in exile in Russian SFSR from 1941)
Nikita Leontyevich Salogor (13 February 1942 - 5 January 1946) (in exile in Russian SFSR until 1944) (acting)
Nikolay Grigoryevich Koval (5 January 1946 - July 1950)
Leonid Ilich Brezhnev (26 July 1950 - 25 October 1952)
Dmitry Spiridonovich Gladky (25 October 1952 - 8 February 1954)
Zinovy Timofeyevich Serdyuk (8 February 1954 - 29 May 1961)
Ivan Ivanovich Bodyul (29 May 1961 - 22 December 1980)
Semyon Kuzmich Grossu (22 December 1980 - 16 December 1989)
Petru Chiril Lucinschki (16 November 1989 - 5 February 1991)
Grigory Isidorovich Yeremy (5 February - August 1991)
Republic of Moldova (1991-Present)
Presidents
Mircea Ion Snegur (3 September 1990 - 15 January 1997)
Petru Chiril Lucinschki (15 January 1997 - 7 April 2001)
Vladimir Voronin (7 April 2001 - Present)
Wikipedia
Heads of Government of Moldova
Heads of Government of Moldova since 1940
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940-1991)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Tikhon Antonovich Konstantinov (2 August 1940 - 17 April 1945) (in exile in Russian SFSR from June 1941 until August 1944)
Nikolay Grigoryevich Koval (17 April 1945 - 4 January 1946)
Gerasim Yakovlevich Rud (5 January - 4 April 1946)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
Gerasim Yakovlevich Rud (4 April 1946 - 23 January 1958)
Aleksandr Filipovich Diorditsa (23 January 1958 - 15 April 1970)
Pyotr Andreyevich Paskar (24 April 1970 - 1 August 1976) (1st time)
Semyon Kuzmich Grossu (1 August 1976 - 30 December 1980)
Ivan Grigoryevich Ustiyan (30 December 1980 - 24 December 1985)
Ivan Petrovich Kalin (24 December 1985 - 10 January 1990)
Pyotr Andreyevich Paskar (10 January - 26 May 1990) (2nd time)
Republic of Moldova (1991-Present)
[edit] Prime Ministers
Mircea Druc (26 May 1990 - 28 May 1991)
Valeriu Muravschi (28 May 1991 - 1 July 1992)
Andrei Sangheli (1 July 1992 - 24 January 1997)
Ion Ciubuc (24 January 1997 - 1 February 1999)
Serafim Urechean (5 February 1999 - 17 February 1999)
Ion Sturza (19 February 1999 - 9 November 1999)
Dumitru Braghiş (21 December 1999 - 19 April 2001)
Vasile Tarlev (19 April 2001 - Present)
Wikipedia
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1940-1991)
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Tikhon Antonovich Konstantinov (2 August 1940 - 17 April 1945) (in exile in Russian SFSR from June 1941 until August 1944)
Nikolay Grigoryevich Koval (17 April 1945 - 4 January 1946)
Gerasim Yakovlevich Rud (5 January - 4 April 1946)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
Gerasim Yakovlevich Rud (4 April 1946 - 23 January 1958)
Aleksandr Filipovich Diorditsa (23 January 1958 - 15 April 1970)
Pyotr Andreyevich Paskar (24 April 1970 - 1 August 1976) (1st time)
Semyon Kuzmich Grossu (1 August 1976 - 30 December 1980)
Ivan Grigoryevich Ustiyan (30 December 1980 - 24 December 1985)
Ivan Petrovich Kalin (24 December 1985 - 10 January 1990)
Pyotr Andreyevich Paskar (10 January - 26 May 1990) (2nd time)
Republic of Moldova (1991-Present)
[edit] Prime Ministers
Mircea Druc (26 May 1990 - 28 May 1991)
Valeriu Muravschi (28 May 1991 - 1 July 1992)
Andrei Sangheli (1 July 1992 - 24 January 1997)
Ion Ciubuc (24 January 1997 - 1 February 1999)
Serafim Urechean (5 February 1999 - 17 February 1999)
Ion Sturza (19 February 1999 - 9 November 1999)
Dumitru Braghiş (21 December 1999 - 19 April 2001)
Vasile Tarlev (19 April 2001 - Present)
Wikipedia
President of the Federated States of Micronesia
President of the Federated States of Micronesia
Tosiwo Nakayama (1979–1987)
John Haglelgam (1987–1991)
Bailey Olter (1991–1997)
Jacob Nena (1997–1999, acting for Olter from November 8, 1996)
Leo Falcam (1999–2003)
Joseph J. Urusemal (2003–2007)
Manny Mori (2007–) Retrieved
Wikipedia
Tosiwo Nakayama (1979–1987)
John Haglelgam (1987–1991)
Bailey Olter (1991–1997)
Jacob Nena (1997–1999, acting for Olter from November 8, 1996)
Leo Falcam (1999–2003)
Joseph J. Urusemal (2003–2007)
Manny Mori (2007–) Retrieved
Wikipedia
Ministers of State (Monaco)
Ministers of State
Emile Flach (February 1911 - December 1917)
Georges Jaloustre (acting) {January 1918 - February 1919)
Raymond Le Bourdon (19 February 1919 - 11 August 1923)
Maurice Piette (11 August 1923 - February 1932)
Henry Mauran (1st time; acting) (January 1932 - June 1932)
Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont (June 1932 - June 1937)
Henry Mauran (2nd time; acting) (June 1937 - August 1937)
Emile Roblot (15 September 1937 - 29 September 1944)
Pierre Blanchy (1st time; acting) (29 September 1944 - 13 October 1944)
Pierre de Witasse (13 October 1944 - December 1948)
Pierre Blanchy (2nd time; acting) (4 January 1949 - 12 July 1949)
Jaques Rueff (12 July 1949 - 1 August 1950)
Pierre Voizard (1 August 1950 - 2 September 1953)
Henry Soum (15 November 1953 - 12 February 1959)
Emile Pelletier (12 February 1959 - 23 January 1962)
Pierre Blanchy (3rd time; acting) (23 January 1962 - 16 August 1963)
Jean Emile Reymond (16 August 1963 - 28 December 1966)
Paul Demange (28 December 1966 - 1 April 1969)
Francois - Didier Gregh (1 April 1969 - 24 May 1972)
Andre Saint - Mleux (24 May 1972 - July 1981)
Jean Herly (July 1981 - 16 September 1985)
Jean Ausseil (16 September 1985 - 16 February 1991)
Jaques Dupont (16 February 1991 - 2 December 1994)
Paul Dijoud (2 December 1994 - 3 February 1997)
Michel Leveque (3 February 1997 - 5 January 2000)
Patrick Leclercq (5 January 2000 - 1 May 2005)
Jean-Paul Proust (1 May 2005 - Present)
Wikipedia
Emile Flach (February 1911 - December 1917)
Georges Jaloustre (acting) {January 1918 - February 1919)
Raymond Le Bourdon (19 February 1919 - 11 August 1923)
Maurice Piette (11 August 1923 - February 1932)
Henry Mauran (1st time; acting) (January 1932 - June 1932)
Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont (June 1932 - June 1937)
Henry Mauran (2nd time; acting) (June 1937 - August 1937)
Emile Roblot (15 September 1937 - 29 September 1944)
Pierre Blanchy (1st time; acting) (29 September 1944 - 13 October 1944)
Pierre de Witasse (13 October 1944 - December 1948)
Pierre Blanchy (2nd time; acting) (4 January 1949 - 12 July 1949)
Jaques Rueff (12 July 1949 - 1 August 1950)
Pierre Voizard (1 August 1950 - 2 September 1953)
Henry Soum (15 November 1953 - 12 February 1959)
Emile Pelletier (12 February 1959 - 23 January 1962)
Pierre Blanchy (3rd time; acting) (23 January 1962 - 16 August 1963)
Jean Emile Reymond (16 August 1963 - 28 December 1966)
Paul Demange (28 December 1966 - 1 April 1969)
Francois - Didier Gregh (1 April 1969 - 24 May 1972)
Andre Saint - Mleux (24 May 1972 - July 1981)
Jean Herly (July 1981 - 16 September 1985)
Jean Ausseil (16 September 1985 - 16 February 1991)
Jaques Dupont (16 February 1991 - 2 December 1994)
Paul Dijoud (2 December 1994 - 3 February 1997)
Michel Leveque (3 February 1997 - 5 January 2000)
Patrick Leclercq (5 January 2000 - 1 May 2005)
Jean-Paul Proust (1 May 2005 - Present)
Wikipedia
Presidents of Mexico
First Mexican Empire (1822-1823)
Emperor Reign Start Reign Ended Royal House Consort
Agustín I May 19, 1822 March 19, 1823 Iturbide Ana María Josefa Ramona de Huarte y Muñiz
Presidents of Mexico (1824-1864)
Between the time of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide's abdication (March 19, 1823) and Guadalupe Victoria's assumption of the office of President (October 10, 1824), there was a brief period when the executive power of the government was held by a committee. At one time or another the members of this committee included Pedro Celestino Negrete, José Mariano Michelena, Nicolás Bravo, Miguel Domínguez, Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria.
President Took office Left office Party
Guadalupe Victoria October 10, 1824 April 1, 1829 none
(Republican policies)
Vicente Guerrero April 1, 1829 December 17, 1829 Popular
José María Bocanegra December 18, 1829 December 23, 1829 Popular
Pedro Vélez, Lucas Alamán and Luis de Quintanar December 23, 1829 December 31, 1829
Anastasio Bustamante January 1, 1830 August 13, 1832 Conservative
Melchor Múzquiz August 14, 1832 December 26, 1832
Manuel Gómez Pedraza December 24, 1832 April 1, 1833 Partido Moderato
Valentín Gómez Farías April 1, 1833 May 16, 1833 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna May 16, 1833 June 3, 1833 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Gómez Farías June 3, 1833 June 18, 1833 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna June 18, 1833 July 5, 1833 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Gómez Farías July 5, 1833 October 27, 1833 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna October 27, 1833 December 15, 1833 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Gómez Farías December 16, 1833 April 24, 1834 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna April 24, 1834 January 27, 1835 Conservative-Liberal
Miguel Barragán January 28, 1835 February 27, 1836 Liberal
José Justo Corro March 2, 1836 April 19, 1837
Anastasio Bustamante April 19, 1837 March 20, 1839 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna March 20, 1839 July 10, 1839 Conservative-Liberal
Nicolás Bravo July 10, 1839 July 19, 1839 Centralist
Anastasio Bustamante July 19, 1839 September 22, 1841 Conservative
Francisco Javier Echeverría September 22, 1841 October 10, 1841 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna October 10, 1841 October 26, 1842 Conservative-Liberal
Nicolás Bravo October 26, 1842 March 4, 1843 Centralist
Antonio López de Santa Anna March 4, 1843 October 4, 1843 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Canalizo October 4, 1843 June 4, 1844 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna June 4, 1844 September 12, 1844 Conservative-Liberal
José Joaquín de Herrera September 12, 1844 September 21, 1844
Valentín Canalizo September 21, 1844 December 6, 1844 Conservative
José Joaquín de Herrera December 7, 1844 December 30, 1845
Gabriel Valencia December 30, 1845 January 2, 1846
Mariano Paredes January 4, 1846 July 28, 1846 Conservative
José Mariano Salas August 5, 1846 December 23, 1846
Valentín Gómez Farías December 24, 1846 March 21, 1847 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna March 21, 1847 April 2, 1847 Conservative-Liberal
Pedro María de Anaya April 2, 1847 May 20, 1847 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna May 20, 1847 September 15, 1847 Conservative-Liberal
Manuel de la Peña y Peña September 26, 1847 November 13, 1847
Pedro María de Anaya November 13, 1847 January 8, 1848 Liberal
Manuel de la Peña y Peña January 8, 1848 June 3, 1848
José Joaquín de Herrera June 3, 1848 January 15, 1851
Mariano Arista January 15, 1851 January 6, 1853 Liberal
Juan Bautista Ceballos January 6, 1853 February 8, 1853 Liberal
Manuel María Lombardini February 8, 1853 April 20, 1853 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna April 20, 1853 August 9, 1855 Conservative
Martín Carrera August 15, 1855 September 12, 1855 Liberal
Rómulo Díaz de la Vega September 12, 1855 October 3, 1855 Conservative
Juan Álvarez October 4, 1855 December 11, 1855 Liberal
Ignacio Comonfort September 15, 1855 January 21, 1858 Liberal
Benito Juárez January 19, 1858 May 15, 1867 Liberal
Conservative Presidents of Mexico during the Reform War (1857-1861)
President Took office Left office Party
Félix Zuloaga January 21, 1858 December 24, 1858 Conservative
Manuel Robles Pezuela December 24, 1858 January 21, 1859 Conservative
José Mariano Salas January 21, 1859 February 2, 1859 Conservative
Félix Zuloaga January 24, 1859 February 1, 1859 Conservative
Miguel Miramón February 2, 1859 August 12, 1860 Conservative
José Ignacio Pavón [1] August 13, 1860 August 15, 1860 Conservative
Miguel Miramón August 15, 1860 December 24, 1860 Conservative
Félix Zuloaga December 28, 1860 December 28, 1862 Conservative
Regency of the Second Mexican Empire, Executive of the Triumvirate (1863-1864)
President Took office Left office Party
Juan Nepomuceno Almonte July 11, 1863 April 10, 1864 Conservative
José Mariano Salas July 11, 1863 April 10, 1864 Conservative
Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos October 19, 1863 November 18, 1863 Conservative
Second Mexican Empire (1864-1867)
Emperor Reign Start Reign Ended Royal House Consort
Maximilian I April 10, 1864 May 15, 1867 Habsburg Charlotte of Belgium
Presidents of Mexico (1867-Present)
President Took office Left office Party
Benito Juárez May 15, 1867 July 18, 1872 Liberal
Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada July 19, 1872 November 20, 1876 Liberal
José María Iglesias[1] October 31, 1876 March 15, 1877 Liberal
Porfirio Díaz November 28, 1876 December 6, 1876 Liberal
Juan N. Méndez December 6, 1876 February 17, 1877 Liberal
Porfirio Díaz February 17, 1877 November 30, 1880 Liberal
Manuel González December 1, 1880 November 30, 1884 Liberal
Porfirio Díaz December 1, 1884 May 25, 1911 Liberal
Francisco León de la Barra May 25, 1911 November 6, 1911 No Party
Francisco I. Madero November 6, 1911 February 18, 1913 Anti-reelectionist Party
Pedro Lascuráin February 18, 1913 February 18, 1913
Victoriano Huerta February 19, 1913 July 15, 1914 No Party
Francisco S. Carvajal July 15, 1914 August 13, 1914
Venustiano Carranza August 20, 1914 May 21, 1920 Partido Demócrata Mexicano
Partido Liberal Constitucionalista
Eulalio Gutiérrez November 6, 1914 January 16, 1915 Conventionalist
Roque González Garza January 16, 1915 June 10, 1915 Conventionalist
Francisco Lagos Cházaro June 10, 1915 October 10, 1915 Conventionalist
Adolfo de la Huerta June 1, 1920 November 30, 1920
Álvaro Obregón December 1, 1920 November 30, 1924 Laborist Party (PL)
Plutarco Elías Calles December 1, 1924 November 30, 1928 PL
Emilio Portes Gil December 1, 1928 February 5, 1930 National Revolutionary Party (PNR)
Pascual Ortiz Rubio February 5, 1930 September 4, 1932 PNR
Abelardo L. Rodríguez September 4, 1932 November 30, 1934 PNR
Lázaro Cárdenas December 1, 1934 November 30, 1940 Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM)
Manuel Ávila Camacho December 1, 1940 November 30, 1946 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Miguel Alemán Valdés December 1, 1946 November 30, 1952 PRI
Adolfo Ruiz Cortines December 1, 1952 November 30, 1958 PRI
Adolfo López Mateos December 1, 1958 November 30, 1964 PRI
Gustavo Díaz Ordaz December 1, 1964 November 30, 1970 PRI
Luis Echeverría December 1, 1970 November 30, 1976 PRI
José López Portillo December 1, 1976 November 30, 1982 PRI
Miguel de la Madrid December 1, 1982 November 30, 1988 PRI
Carlos Salinas de Gortari December 1, 1988 November 30, 1994 PRI
Ernesto Zedillo December 1, 1994 November 30, 2000 PRI
Vicente Fox December 1, 2000 November 30, 2006 National Action Party (PAN)
Felipe Calderón December 1, 2006 Incumbent PAN
Wikipedia
Emperor Reign Start Reign Ended Royal House Consort
Agustín I May 19, 1822 March 19, 1823 Iturbide Ana María Josefa Ramona de Huarte y Muñiz
Presidents of Mexico (1824-1864)
Between the time of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide's abdication (March 19, 1823) and Guadalupe Victoria's assumption of the office of President (October 10, 1824), there was a brief period when the executive power of the government was held by a committee. At one time or another the members of this committee included Pedro Celestino Negrete, José Mariano Michelena, Nicolás Bravo, Miguel Domínguez, Vicente Guerrero and Guadalupe Victoria.
President Took office Left office Party
Guadalupe Victoria October 10, 1824 April 1, 1829 none
(Republican policies)
Vicente Guerrero April 1, 1829 December 17, 1829 Popular
José María Bocanegra December 18, 1829 December 23, 1829 Popular
Pedro Vélez, Lucas Alamán and Luis de Quintanar December 23, 1829 December 31, 1829
Anastasio Bustamante January 1, 1830 August 13, 1832 Conservative
Melchor Múzquiz August 14, 1832 December 26, 1832
Manuel Gómez Pedraza December 24, 1832 April 1, 1833 Partido Moderato
Valentín Gómez Farías April 1, 1833 May 16, 1833 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna May 16, 1833 June 3, 1833 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Gómez Farías June 3, 1833 June 18, 1833 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna June 18, 1833 July 5, 1833 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Gómez Farías July 5, 1833 October 27, 1833 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna October 27, 1833 December 15, 1833 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Gómez Farías December 16, 1833 April 24, 1834 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna April 24, 1834 January 27, 1835 Conservative-Liberal
Miguel Barragán January 28, 1835 February 27, 1836 Liberal
José Justo Corro March 2, 1836 April 19, 1837
Anastasio Bustamante April 19, 1837 March 20, 1839 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna March 20, 1839 July 10, 1839 Conservative-Liberal
Nicolás Bravo July 10, 1839 July 19, 1839 Centralist
Anastasio Bustamante July 19, 1839 September 22, 1841 Conservative
Francisco Javier Echeverría September 22, 1841 October 10, 1841 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna October 10, 1841 October 26, 1842 Conservative-Liberal
Nicolás Bravo October 26, 1842 March 4, 1843 Centralist
Antonio López de Santa Anna March 4, 1843 October 4, 1843 Conservative-Liberal
Valentín Canalizo October 4, 1843 June 4, 1844 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna June 4, 1844 September 12, 1844 Conservative-Liberal
José Joaquín de Herrera September 12, 1844 September 21, 1844
Valentín Canalizo September 21, 1844 December 6, 1844 Conservative
José Joaquín de Herrera December 7, 1844 December 30, 1845
Gabriel Valencia December 30, 1845 January 2, 1846
Mariano Paredes January 4, 1846 July 28, 1846 Conservative
José Mariano Salas August 5, 1846 December 23, 1846
Valentín Gómez Farías December 24, 1846 March 21, 1847 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna March 21, 1847 April 2, 1847 Conservative-Liberal
Pedro María de Anaya April 2, 1847 May 20, 1847 Liberal
Antonio López de Santa Anna May 20, 1847 September 15, 1847 Conservative-Liberal
Manuel de la Peña y Peña September 26, 1847 November 13, 1847
Pedro María de Anaya November 13, 1847 January 8, 1848 Liberal
Manuel de la Peña y Peña January 8, 1848 June 3, 1848
José Joaquín de Herrera June 3, 1848 January 15, 1851
Mariano Arista January 15, 1851 January 6, 1853 Liberal
Juan Bautista Ceballos January 6, 1853 February 8, 1853 Liberal
Manuel María Lombardini February 8, 1853 April 20, 1853 Conservative
Antonio López de Santa Anna April 20, 1853 August 9, 1855 Conservative
Martín Carrera August 15, 1855 September 12, 1855 Liberal
Rómulo Díaz de la Vega September 12, 1855 October 3, 1855 Conservative
Juan Álvarez October 4, 1855 December 11, 1855 Liberal
Ignacio Comonfort September 15, 1855 January 21, 1858 Liberal
Benito Juárez January 19, 1858 May 15, 1867 Liberal
Conservative Presidents of Mexico during the Reform War (1857-1861)
President Took office Left office Party
Félix Zuloaga January 21, 1858 December 24, 1858 Conservative
Manuel Robles Pezuela December 24, 1858 January 21, 1859 Conservative
José Mariano Salas January 21, 1859 February 2, 1859 Conservative
Félix Zuloaga January 24, 1859 February 1, 1859 Conservative
Miguel Miramón February 2, 1859 August 12, 1860 Conservative
José Ignacio Pavón [1] August 13, 1860 August 15, 1860 Conservative
Miguel Miramón August 15, 1860 December 24, 1860 Conservative
Félix Zuloaga December 28, 1860 December 28, 1862 Conservative
Regency of the Second Mexican Empire, Executive of the Triumvirate (1863-1864)
President Took office Left office Party
Juan Nepomuceno Almonte July 11, 1863 April 10, 1864 Conservative
José Mariano Salas July 11, 1863 April 10, 1864 Conservative
Pelagio Antonio de Labastida y Dávalos October 19, 1863 November 18, 1863 Conservative
Second Mexican Empire (1864-1867)
Emperor Reign Start Reign Ended Royal House Consort
Maximilian I April 10, 1864 May 15, 1867 Habsburg Charlotte of Belgium
Presidents of Mexico (1867-Present)
President Took office Left office Party
Benito Juárez May 15, 1867 July 18, 1872 Liberal
Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada July 19, 1872 November 20, 1876 Liberal
José María Iglesias[1] October 31, 1876 March 15, 1877 Liberal
Porfirio Díaz November 28, 1876 December 6, 1876 Liberal
Juan N. Méndez December 6, 1876 February 17, 1877 Liberal
Porfirio Díaz February 17, 1877 November 30, 1880 Liberal
Manuel González December 1, 1880 November 30, 1884 Liberal
Porfirio Díaz December 1, 1884 May 25, 1911 Liberal
Francisco León de la Barra May 25, 1911 November 6, 1911 No Party
Francisco I. Madero November 6, 1911 February 18, 1913 Anti-reelectionist Party
Pedro Lascuráin February 18, 1913 February 18, 1913
Victoriano Huerta February 19, 1913 July 15, 1914 No Party
Francisco S. Carvajal July 15, 1914 August 13, 1914
Venustiano Carranza August 20, 1914 May 21, 1920 Partido Demócrata Mexicano
Partido Liberal Constitucionalista
Eulalio Gutiérrez November 6, 1914 January 16, 1915 Conventionalist
Roque González Garza January 16, 1915 June 10, 1915 Conventionalist
Francisco Lagos Cházaro June 10, 1915 October 10, 1915 Conventionalist
Adolfo de la Huerta June 1, 1920 November 30, 1920
Álvaro Obregón December 1, 1920 November 30, 1924 Laborist Party (PL)
Plutarco Elías Calles December 1, 1924 November 30, 1928 PL
Emilio Portes Gil December 1, 1928 February 5, 1930 National Revolutionary Party (PNR)
Pascual Ortiz Rubio February 5, 1930 September 4, 1932 PNR
Abelardo L. Rodríguez September 4, 1932 November 30, 1934 PNR
Lázaro Cárdenas December 1, 1934 November 30, 1940 Party of the Mexican Revolution (PRM)
Manuel Ávila Camacho December 1, 1940 November 30, 1946 Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)
Miguel Alemán Valdés December 1, 1946 November 30, 1952 PRI
Adolfo Ruiz Cortines December 1, 1952 November 30, 1958 PRI
Adolfo López Mateos December 1, 1958 November 30, 1964 PRI
Gustavo Díaz Ordaz December 1, 1964 November 30, 1970 PRI
Luis Echeverría December 1, 1970 November 30, 1976 PRI
José López Portillo December 1, 1976 November 30, 1982 PRI
Miguel de la Madrid December 1, 1982 November 30, 1988 PRI
Carlos Salinas de Gortari December 1, 1988 November 30, 1994 PRI
Ernesto Zedillo December 1, 1994 November 30, 2000 PRI
Vicente Fox December 1, 2000 November 30, 2006 National Action Party (PAN)
Felipe Calderón December 1, 2006 Incumbent PAN
Wikipedia
Presidents of Mauritius
List of Presidents of Mauritius
Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo: 12 March - 30 June 1992
Cassam Uteem: 30 June 1992 - 15 February 2002
Angidi Chettiar: 15 February 2002 - 18 February 2002 (acting)
Supreme Court Chief Justice Arianga Pillay 18 February 2002 - 25 February 2002 (acting)
Karl Offmann: 25 February 2002 - 1 October 2003
Sir Anerood Jugnauth: 7 October 2003 -
Wikipedia
Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo: 12 March - 30 June 1992
Cassam Uteem: 30 June 1992 - 15 February 2002
Angidi Chettiar: 15 February 2002 - 18 February 2002 (acting)
Supreme Court Chief Justice Arianga Pillay 18 February 2002 - 25 February 2002 (acting)
Karl Offmann: 25 February 2002 - 1 October 2003
Sir Anerood Jugnauth: 7 October 2003 -
Wikipedia
Heads of Governments of Mauritius
List of Heads of Governments of Mauritius
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Tenure Incumbent Affiliation Notes
Mauritius (Independent state within the British Commmonwealth)
26 September 1961 to 12 March 1968 Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Chief Minister PI; PTr from 1965, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
12 March 1968 to 16 June 1982 Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Prime Minister PTr
16 June 1982 to 12 March 1992 Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister MMM; 1983 MSM from 1988, Sir Anerood Jugnauth
Republic of Mauritius
12 March 1992 to 22 December 1995 Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister MSM
22 December 1995 to 17 September 2000 Navinchandra Ramgoolam, Prime Minister PTr
17 September 2000 to 30 September 2003 Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister MSM
30 September 2003 to 5 July 2005 Paul Bérenger, Prime Minister MMM
5 July 2005 to present Navinchandra Ramgoolam, Prime Minister PTr
Wikipedia
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Tenure Incumbent Affiliation Notes
Mauritius (Independent state within the British Commmonwealth)
26 September 1961 to 12 March 1968 Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Chief Minister PI; PTr from 1965, Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
12 March 1968 to 16 June 1982 Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Prime Minister PTr
16 June 1982 to 12 March 1992 Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister MMM; 1983 MSM from 1988, Sir Anerood Jugnauth
Republic of Mauritius
12 March 1992 to 22 December 1995 Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister MSM
22 December 1995 to 17 September 2000 Navinchandra Ramgoolam, Prime Minister PTr
17 September 2000 to 30 September 2003 Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister MSM
30 September 2003 to 5 July 2005 Paul Bérenger, Prime Minister MMM
5 July 2005 to present Navinchandra Ramgoolam, Prime Minister PTr
Wikipedia
Heads of state of Mauritania
List of heads of state of Mauritania
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Term Incumbent Affiliation Notes
28 November 1960 to 20 August 1961 Moktar Ould Daddah, acting Head of State PRM/PPM
20 August 1961 to 10 July 1978 Moktar Ould Daddah, Head of State
10 July 1978 to 20 March 1979 Moktar Ould Daddah, Chairman of the Military Committee for National Recovery Mil
20 March 1979 to 6 April 1979 Moktar Ould Daddah, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Recovery
6 April 1979 to 3 June 1979 Mustafa Ould Salek, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
3 June 1979 to 4 January 1980 Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly, Head of State and Chairman of the [[Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984 Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
12 December 1984 to 18 April 1992 Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
18 April 1992 to 3 August 2005 Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President PRDS
3 August 2005 to 19 April 2007 Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, Chairman of the Military Council for Justice and Democracy Mil
19 April 2007 to present Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, President n-p
Wikipedia
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Term Incumbent Affiliation Notes
28 November 1960 to 20 August 1961 Moktar Ould Daddah, acting Head of State PRM/PPM
20 August 1961 to 10 July 1978 Moktar Ould Daddah, Head of State
10 July 1978 to 20 March 1979 Moktar Ould Daddah, Chairman of the Military Committee for National Recovery Mil
20 March 1979 to 6 April 1979 Moktar Ould Daddah, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Recovery
6 April 1979 to 3 June 1979 Mustafa Ould Salek, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
3 June 1979 to 4 January 1980 Mohamed Mahmoud Ould Louly, Head of State and Chairman of the [[Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
4 January 1980 to 12 December 1984 Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
12 December 1984 to 18 April 1992 Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Head of State and Chairman of the Military Committee for National Salvation Mil
18 April 1992 to 3 August 2005 Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President PRDS
3 August 2005 to 19 April 2007 Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, Chairman of the Military Council for Justice and Democracy Mil
19 April 2007 to present Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, President n-p
Wikipedia
Minister of Morocco
1 Mbarek Bekkaï 7 December 1955 15 April 1958 Istiqlal Party
2 Ahmed Balafrej 12 May 1958 16 December 1958 Istiqlal Party
3 Abdallah Ibrahim 16 December 1958 20 May 1960 Istiqlal Party/National Union of Popular Forces
4 Ahmed Bahnini 13 November 19631 7 June 1965 Front for Defense of Constitutional Institutions/Democratic Socialist Party
5 Mohamed Benhima 7 July 1967 6 October 1969 Independent
6 Ahmed Laraki 6 October 1969 6 August 1971 Independent
7 Mohammed Karim Lamrani
(1st Term) 6 August 1971 2 November 1972 Independent
8 Ahmed Osman 2 November 1972 22 March 1979 National Rally of Independents
9 Maati Bouabid 22 March 1979 30 November 1983 Constitutional Union
10 Mohammed Karim Lamrani (2nd Term) 30 November 1983 30 September 1986 Independent
11 Azzeddine Laraki 30 September 1986 11 August 1992 Independent
12 Mohammed Karim Lamrani (3rd time) 11 August 1992 25 May 1994 Independent
13 Abdellatif Filali 25 May 1994 4 February 1998 Independent
14 Abderrahmane Youssoufi 4 February 1998 9 October 2002 Socialist Union of Popular Forces
15 Driss Jettou 9 October 2002 19 September 2007 Independent
16 Abbas El Fassi 19 September 2007 present Istiqlal
Wikipedia
2 Ahmed Balafrej 12 May 1958 16 December 1958 Istiqlal Party
3 Abdallah Ibrahim 16 December 1958 20 May 1960 Istiqlal Party/National Union of Popular Forces
4 Ahmed Bahnini 13 November 19631 7 June 1965 Front for Defense of Constitutional Institutions/Democratic Socialist Party
5 Mohamed Benhima 7 July 1967 6 October 1969 Independent
6 Ahmed Laraki 6 October 1969 6 August 1971 Independent
7 Mohammed Karim Lamrani
(1st Term) 6 August 1971 2 November 1972 Independent
8 Ahmed Osman 2 November 1972 22 March 1979 National Rally of Independents
9 Maati Bouabid 22 March 1979 30 November 1983 Constitutional Union
10 Mohammed Karim Lamrani (2nd Term) 30 November 1983 30 September 1986 Independent
11 Azzeddine Laraki 30 September 1986 11 August 1992 Independent
12 Mohammed Karim Lamrani (3rd time) 11 August 1992 25 May 1994 Independent
13 Abdellatif Filali 25 May 1994 4 February 1998 Independent
14 Abderrahmane Youssoufi 4 February 1998 9 October 2002 Socialist Union of Popular Forces
15 Driss Jettou 9 October 2002 19 September 2007 Independent
16 Abbas El Fassi 19 September 2007 present Istiqlal
Wikipedia
List of Heads of Government of Mauritania
List of Heads of Government of Mauritania
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Term Incumbent Affiliation Notes
21 May 1957 to 16 July 1958 Moktar Ould Daddah, Vice President of the Government Council UPM
16 July 1958 to 28 November 1958 Moktar Ould Daddah, President of the Council of Government
28 November 1958 to 26 June 1959 Moktar Ould Daddah, President of the Provisional Government UPM/PRM/PPM
26 June 1959 to 20 August 1961 Moktar Ould Daddah, Prime Minister UPM/PRM/PPM
6 April 1979 to 27 May 1979 Ahmed Ould Bouceif, Prime Minister Mil
28 May 1979 to 31 May 1979 Ahmed Salim Ould Sidi, acting Prime Minister
31 May 1979 to 12 December 1980 Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Prime Minister Mil 1st Term
12 December 1980 to 25 April 1981 Sid Ahmed Ould Bneijara, Prime Minister n-p
25 April 1981 to 8 March 1984 Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister Mil 1st Term
8 March 1984 to 12 December 1984 Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Prime Minister Mil 2nd Term
12 December 1984 to 18 April 1992 Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister Mil 2nd Term
18 April 1992 to 2 January 1996 Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime Minister PRDS 1st Term
2 January 1996 to 18 December 1997 Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime Minister PRDS 1st Term
18 December 1997 to 16 November 1998 Mohamed Lemine Ould Guig, Prime Minister PRDS
16 November 1998 to 6 July 2003 Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime Minister PRDS 2nd Term
6 July 2003 to 7 August 2005 Sghair Ould M’Bareck, Prime Minister PRDS
7 August 2005 to 20 April 2007 Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime Minister PRDS 2nd Term
20 April 2007 to present Zeine Ould Zeidane, Prime Minister none
Wikipedia
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
Term Incumbent Affiliation Notes
21 May 1957 to 16 July 1958 Moktar Ould Daddah, Vice President of the Government Council UPM
16 July 1958 to 28 November 1958 Moktar Ould Daddah, President of the Council of Government
28 November 1958 to 26 June 1959 Moktar Ould Daddah, President of the Provisional Government UPM/PRM/PPM
26 June 1959 to 20 August 1961 Moktar Ould Daddah, Prime Minister UPM/PRM/PPM
6 April 1979 to 27 May 1979 Ahmed Ould Bouceif, Prime Minister Mil
28 May 1979 to 31 May 1979 Ahmed Salim Ould Sidi, acting Prime Minister
31 May 1979 to 12 December 1980 Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Prime Minister Mil 1st Term
12 December 1980 to 25 April 1981 Sid Ahmed Ould Bneijara, Prime Minister n-p
25 April 1981 to 8 March 1984 Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister Mil 1st Term
8 March 1984 to 12 December 1984 Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Prime Minister Mil 2nd Term
12 December 1984 to 18 April 1992 Maaouya Ould Sid’Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister Mil 2nd Term
18 April 1992 to 2 January 1996 Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime Minister PRDS 1st Term
2 January 1996 to 18 December 1997 Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime Minister PRDS 1st Term
18 December 1997 to 16 November 1998 Mohamed Lemine Ould Guig, Prime Minister PRDS
16 November 1998 to 6 July 2003 Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime Minister PRDS 2nd Term
6 July 2003 to 7 August 2005 Sghair Ould M’Bareck, Prime Minister PRDS
7 August 2005 to 20 April 2007 Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime Minister PRDS 2nd Term
20 April 2007 to present Zeine Ould Zeidane, Prime Minister none
Wikipedia
Prime Minister of Malta
The Prime Minister of Malta is the most powerful figure within the government of Malta, although the President of Malta has a higher rank. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, with the President making his or her decision based on the situation within the Maltese parliament. A Prime Minister must command a majority of the votes in parliament to hold office.
Twelve people have served as Prime Minister of Malta since the office was established in 1921. The post did not exist in the period between 1933 and 1947 or the period between 1958 and 1962.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 Joseph Howard 1921 1923 Popular Union
2 Francesco Buhagiar 1923 1924 Popular Union
3 Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 1st time 1924 1927 Nationalist Party
4 Gerald Strickland 1927 1932 Constitutional Party
Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 2nd time 1932 1933 Nationalist Party
Office Abolished
5 Paul Boffa 1947 1949 Labour Party
Paul Boffa, continued 1949 1950 Malta Worker's Party
6 Enrico Mizzi 1950 1950 Nationalist Party
7 Giorgio Borg Olivier, 1st time 1950 1955 Nationalist Party
8 Dom Mintoff, 1st time 1955 1958 Malta Labour Party
Office Abolished
Giorgio Borg Olivier, 2nd time 1962 1971 Nationalist Party
Dom Mintoff, 2nd time 1971 1984 Malta Labour Party
9 Carmelo Mifsud Bonnici 1984 1987 Malta Labour Party
10 Eddie Fenech Adami, 1st time 1987 1996 Nationalist Party
11 Alfred Sant 1996 1998 Malta Labour Party
Eddie Fenech Adami, 2nd time 1998 2004 Nationalist Party
12 Lawrence Gonzi 2004 Present Nationalist Party
Wikipedia
Twelve people have served as Prime Minister of Malta since the office was established in 1921. The post did not exist in the period between 1933 and 1947 or the period between 1958 and 1962.
Name Took Office Left Office Party
1 Joseph Howard 1921 1923 Popular Union
2 Francesco Buhagiar 1923 1924 Popular Union
3 Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 1st time 1924 1927 Nationalist Party
4 Gerald Strickland 1927 1932 Constitutional Party
Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, 2nd time 1932 1933 Nationalist Party
Office Abolished
5 Paul Boffa 1947 1949 Labour Party
Paul Boffa, continued 1949 1950 Malta Worker's Party
6 Enrico Mizzi 1950 1950 Nationalist Party
7 Giorgio Borg Olivier, 1st time 1950 1955 Nationalist Party
8 Dom Mintoff, 1st time 1955 1958 Malta Labour Party
Office Abolished
Giorgio Borg Olivier, 2nd time 1962 1971 Nationalist Party
Dom Mintoff, 2nd time 1971 1984 Malta Labour Party
9 Carmelo Mifsud Bonnici 1984 1987 Malta Labour Party
10 Eddie Fenech Adami, 1st time 1987 1996 Nationalist Party
11 Alfred Sant 1996 1998 Malta Labour Party
Eddie Fenech Adami, 2nd time 1998 2004 Nationalist Party
12 Lawrence Gonzi 2004 Present Nationalist Party
Wikipedia
Wednesday, October 24, 2007
President of Malta
List of Presidents
1974-1976: Anthony Mamo (born 1909)
1976-1981: Anton Buttigieg (1912-1983)
1981-1982: Acting President Albert Hyzler (1916-1993)
1982-1987: Agatha Barbara (1923-2002)
1987-1989: Acting President Paul Xuereb (1923-1994)
1989-1994: Vincent Tabone (born 1913)
1994-1999: Ugo Mifsud Bonnici (born 1932)
1999-2004: Guido de Marco (born 1931)
2004-present: Edward Fenech Adami (born 1934)
Wikipedia
1974-1976: Anthony Mamo (born 1909)
1976-1981: Anton Buttigieg (1912-1983)
1981-1982: Acting President Albert Hyzler (1916-1993)
1982-1987: Agatha Barbara (1923-2002)
1987-1989: Acting President Paul Xuereb (1923-1994)
1989-1994: Vincent Tabone (born 1913)
1994-1999: Ugo Mifsud Bonnici (born 1932)
1999-2004: Guido de Marco (born 1931)
2004-present: Edward Fenech Adami (born 1934)
Wikipedia
Heads of government of Mali
Heads of government of Mali
24 May 1957 to 26 July 1958 Jean-Marie Koné, Vice President of the Government Council US/RDA
26 July 1958 to 24 November 1958 Jean-Marie Koné, President of the Government Council US/RDA
24 November 1958 to 5 April 1959 Jean-Marie Koné, President of the Provisional Government US/RDA
5 April 1959 to 1965 Modibo Keïta, Prime Minister US/RDA
1965 to 19 November 1968 post abolished
19 November 1968 to 18 September 1969 Yoro Diakité, Prime Minister Mil
6 June 1986 to 6 June 1988 Mamadou Dembelé, Prime Minister UDPM
2 April 1991 to 9 June 1992 Soumana Sacko, interim Prime Minister n-p
9 June 1992 to 12 April 1993 Younoussi Touré, Prime Minister n-p
12 April 1993 to 4 February 1994 Abdoulaye Sékou Sow, Prime Minister n-p
4 February 1994 to 15 February 2000 Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, Prime Minister ADM
15 February 2000 to 18 March 2002 Mandé Sidibé, Prime Minister ADM
18 March 2002 to 9 June 2002 Modibo Keïta, Prime Minister n-p
9 June 2002 to 29 April 2004 Ahmed Mohammed Ag Hamani, Prime Minister n-p
29 April 2004 to 28 September 2007 Ousmane Issoufi Maïga, Prime Minister n-p
28 September 2007 to present Modibo Sidibé, Prime Minister
Wikipedia
24 May 1957 to 26 July 1958 Jean-Marie Koné, Vice President of the Government Council US/RDA
26 July 1958 to 24 November 1958 Jean-Marie Koné, President of the Government Council US/RDA
24 November 1958 to 5 April 1959 Jean-Marie Koné, President of the Provisional Government US/RDA
5 April 1959 to 1965 Modibo Keïta, Prime Minister US/RDA
1965 to 19 November 1968 post abolished
19 November 1968 to 18 September 1969 Yoro Diakité, Prime Minister Mil
6 June 1986 to 6 June 1988 Mamadou Dembelé, Prime Minister UDPM
2 April 1991 to 9 June 1992 Soumana Sacko, interim Prime Minister n-p
9 June 1992 to 12 April 1993 Younoussi Touré, Prime Minister n-p
12 April 1993 to 4 February 1994 Abdoulaye Sékou Sow, Prime Minister n-p
4 February 1994 to 15 February 2000 Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, Prime Minister ADM
15 February 2000 to 18 March 2002 Mandé Sidibé, Prime Minister ADM
18 March 2002 to 9 June 2002 Modibo Keïta, Prime Minister n-p
9 June 2002 to 29 April 2004 Ahmed Mohammed Ag Hamani, Prime Minister n-p
29 April 2004 to 28 September 2007 Ousmane Issoufi Maïga, Prime Minister n-p
28 September 2007 to present Modibo Sidibé, Prime Minister
Wikipedia
Heads of State of Mali
Heads of state of Mali
List of the Heads of State of Mali:
Tenure Incumbent Portrait Affiliation Notes
20 June 1960 to 1965 Modibo Keita, Chief of State US/RDA Deposed
1965 to 19 November 1968 Modibo Keita, President
19 November 1968 to 19 September 1969 Moussa Traoré, Chairman of the Military National Liberation Committee Mil
19 September 1969 to 19 June 1979 Moussa Traoré, Head of State
19 June 1979 to 26 March 1991 Moussa Traoré, President UDPM Deposed
26 March 1991 to 31 March 1991 Amadou Toumani Touré, Chairman of the National Reconciliation Council Mil 1st Term
31 March 1991 to 8 June 1992 Amadou Toumani Touré, Chairman of the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People
8 June 1992 to 8 June 2002 Alpha Oumar Konaré, President ADM
8 June 2002 to present Amadou Toumani Touré, President CCD/n-p 2nd Term
Wikipedia
List of the Heads of State of Mali:
Tenure Incumbent Portrait Affiliation Notes
20 June 1960 to 1965 Modibo Keita, Chief of State US/RDA Deposed
1965 to 19 November 1968 Modibo Keita, President
19 November 1968 to 19 September 1969 Moussa Traoré, Chairman of the Military National Liberation Committee Mil
19 September 1969 to 19 June 1979 Moussa Traoré, Head of State
19 June 1979 to 26 March 1991 Moussa Traoré, President UDPM Deposed
26 March 1991 to 31 March 1991 Amadou Toumani Touré, Chairman of the National Reconciliation Council Mil 1st Term
31 March 1991 to 8 June 1992 Amadou Toumani Touré, Chairman of the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People
8 June 1992 to 8 June 2002 Alpha Oumar Konaré, President ADM
8 June 2002 to present Amadou Toumani Touré, President CCD/n-p 2nd Term
Wikipedia
Heads of State of Malawi
Heads of State of Malawi
6 July 1964 to 6 July 1966 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
represented by:-
Sir Glyn Smallwood Jones, Governor-General
Republic of Malawi
6 July 1966 to 21 May 1994 Hastings Kamuzu Banda, President MCP
21 May 1994 to 20 May 2004 Bakili Muluzi, President UDF
20 May 2004 to present Bingu wa Mutharika, President UDF
6 July 1964 to 6 July 1966 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
represented by:-
Sir Glyn Smallwood Jones, Governor-General
Republic of Malawi
6 July 1966 to 21 May 1994 Hastings Kamuzu Banda, President MCP
21 May 1994 to 20 May 2004 Bakili Muluzi, President UDF
20 May 2004 to present Bingu wa Mutharika, President UDF
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